Machine for use in making boxes, crates, and the like



May 12, 1925- 1,537,926

B. J. DAVIDSON MACHINE FOR USE IN MAKING BOXES, CRATES, AND THE LIKE Filed Oct. 29, 1920 5 sheets-sheet. 1

' INVENTOR HA0. meta A'ITORNEY 1,537,926 B. J. DAVIDSON MACHINE. FOR'USE IN MAKING BOXES, CRATES, AND THE LIKE Filed Oct. 29, 1920 Sheets-Sheet 2 II!" II lNVEN TOR a BY ATTORNEY May 12, 1925- B. J. DAVIDSON mourns" FOR usE m mum BOXES, (mums, AND

Filed Oct. 29, 1920 THE LIKE V 5 Sheets-Sheet 3 I l NE HIHHHH INVENTOR I WWW ATTORNEY B. J. DAVIDSON MACHINE-FOB USE IN MAKING BbxEs, CRATES, AND THE LIKE File d.0ct. 29,1920 5 Sheets-Sheet 4 I May 1 2, 1925 1,537,926

31mm NH INVENTOR ATTORNEY May 12, 1925- B. J. DAVIDSON MACHINE FOR usm IN MAKING BOXES, CRATES,

AND THE LIKE Filed Oct. 29, 1920 INVENTOR ZZMW(% }1. ATTORNEY Patented May 12, 1925.

UNITED rem t-Es BRUCE J. DAVIDSON, or MARSEILLES, ILLINOIS, essrenon 'ro wrnnnonnns Panniers COMPANY, acoreroaermon on Marne.

MACHINE FOR USE INzMAKING BEE-ES, CRATES, AND THE LIKE.

Application filed October-29, 1-920., Serial 1Io.420,414.

ToaZZ whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, BRUCE J DAVIDSON, a citizen of the Unlted States, and a resident 5 the State of lllinois,, have invented new and useful Improvements in Machines for Use in Making Boxes, Crates, and the like, oi which the iollow-ingis a specification.

The invention relates to machines for use in fastening heads, ends, partitions. or-the like to boxes, crates, and the like.

Among other objectsthe invention is intended to provide certain improvements contributing to eiiiciency of operation and practicability of construction ofsuch machines.

The invention will be clearly understood from the following description with reference. to one form of machine containing an embodiment of the invention which is shown for illustrationinthe accompanying drawings.

in said drawings:

1 is aside elevation of.theillustrative machine partsthereofabeing broken a way an d. other parts being. shown in section to better illustrate the mechanism, said fig ure also'shows a box, partly broken away, in position to be operated upon.

Fig. 2 is a rear elevation ofrthe illustra tire machine showingthemain operating shaft and cams.

Fig. 3 is a. topplan view ofthe stapling arm and mechanism carried thereby.

Fig. i is a sectional view taken on the line ii-.ii of Fig. 3.

Fig. 5 is a top plan view of the nose of.

the clincher arm taken at 18-13 in Fig. 4:.

Figs. 6, 7 and 8 are enlarged. side views in section'oi the nose oithe stapling arm showing thesta-ple cutting, forming and driving 'iechanisinsin different phases of operation.

Fig. 9 is a top plan view taken on line CU of Fig. 6.

Fig. 10 is a topplan view of the staple ioriner.

Fig. 11 is a sectional side elevation of the same.

Fig. 12is an end elevation of, the same.

Figs: 13 and 14, are sectional views taken onithe line D-D of Fig. 4-. showingthe staple driver in different phases of its operation.

Figs. 15, 16 and 17 are detailed views of thens taple driver being respect vely, a top I plan view, an end elevation and a sideeleof Marseilles,.1n the county of La Salle, 1n

vation.

Figs. 18, 19 and 20 are sectional views taken on the line E E of F ig. l showing thencutting mechanism in different .phases oi? its operation.

-Fig. 21 is a diagrammatic plan-showing a box in different positions .on gthe machine indicating the operation of stapling the box head or end alongsides of the box. For ciearness of illustration, the lidor cover of the box is not shown in;this figure or in Figure 22. i

Fig. 2 2 is an end elevation of the end- A staple driver 5 operates atithe end of arm 2 to: drive the staples from the nose of the arm, which isso formed as to permitthe driving of staples closeto the box sides .and in the corners andto gauge the stapling point from thebox sides.

The staple is formed at the nose of thearm 2 directly above the staple driver 5, and is drWen-irom that position into the work 1 thus eliminating the use of a staple holder or carrier to transierthe stapleifrom the place where it is formed to thegplace where it is driven.

In staplingbox heads orends, the. preterable in'actioe is todrive the staples upwardly tr'roin within the boxin order that the operator. may more readily manipulate the box andobserve .theoperation. The illustrativemachine is designed accordingly; the stapiing arm 2 ali'ording a support for the-box head or end and the staple driver being arranged to drive the staple upward from the nose or? said arm into the box heads orends and close to. the sides.

Tihe staple is formed from staple wire 4 carried by a reel 6 and fed to the staple forming mechanism by feed rollers 7 and 8 operated by any suitable mechanism, for instance, by the ratchet 9 and pawl 10.

Before reaching the nose of arm 2 one end of the staple wire 4 is bent upward at a right angle to the main body of the wire thus forming one leg of the staple so that, as shown in Fig. 6, when the wire reaches the nose of arm 2 a staple is partially formed and in position to be driven. When the wire reaches the nose of arm 2 with one leg of the staple formed and upstanding the wire is severed and the formation of the staple completed by a former 11 which bends the severed portion of the wire upward about a spring pressed movable loop bar 12 which has moved into position behind the first formed leg of the staple. Thus the staple is formed pointing up at the nose of the arm 2 in position to be driven into the Work by the driver 5, which moves the loop bar 12 out of line as hereinafter explained.

For forming the first leg of the staple before it reaches the nose of arm 2 a stationary loop bar 13 is provided under which the wire 4 is fed and about which it is bent upward by the former 11. Thus it will be noted that the former 11 operates on wire for two Staples at each upward reciprocation, that is, at each reciprocation it completes one s'taple about the movable loop bar 12 and partially forms another staple about the stationary loop bar 13.

The staple wire 4 is severed by relatively movable knives 14 and 15 carried respectively by arms 16 and 17 pivotally supported by arm 2 at 18 and 19 respectively. Said knives 14 and 15 are normally sep arated to permit the staple former 11 to pass up and down between them and are closed upon the wire at intervals to perform a severing operation. The operating mechanism for closing the knives 14 and 15 is designed to operate after a feed of staple wire is completed and just prior to the up ward stroke of the former 11. After a severing operation the former is raised and the knives are separated by coaction of cam surfaces 20 carried by the former 11 and cam surfaces 21 carried by the arms 16 and 17. After the former 11 has formed the staple about loop bar 12 the driver rises and through the action of cam surface 22 forces loop bar 12 to one side and drives the staple upward into the work. Loop bar 12 is carried by pivoted arm 23 which, as shown in Figures 13 and 14, is so formed that the cam surface 22 of the driver forces the bar to one side during a driving operation and holds it in said position for a sufficient length of time after a driving operation to permit the wire for the next staple to be fed for ward to the nose of the arm 2, after which the bar 12 "through the action of spring 12 snaps behind the leg of the staple which has previously been formed about the loop bar 13 and fed forward to the driving point.

Referring to Figure 3 it will be noted that the staple wire 4 is fed along the longitudinal center line of the stapling arm 2 and that the staples are formed with the plane of their legs parallel to said line. It will also be noted that the sides of the arm are also parallel to the longitudinal center line of the arm 2 and that the driving point is equidistant from either side of said arm. This is particularly advantageous in that it enables the operator to properly position and gauge the stapling operation, the sides of the arm 2 acting as work controlling means to position the side of a box pressed thereagainst and, as shown in Figure 21, enabling the operator to keep the side cleats of the box parallel with the longitudinal center line of the arm 2 and the plane of the staples, thus permitting the driving of staples in the manner shown in Figure 22. It will be noted that, as shown in Figure 22, the staples on opposite sides of the box are driven crosswise the grain of the head or end sections thus more securely retaining the parts together.

It will also be noted that preferably the staple wire is severed at such an angle and the staple is formed in such a manner that for example, by the instrumentalities shown in the drawings, which will now be described.

The staple driver 5 is operated by a fulcrumed lever 5 having its forward end suitably connected to the staple driver, for instance, by a pin and slot connection 5 and having its rear end provided with a roller 5 engaged by a cam 5 on the shaft 25 said cam having a projection to operate the lever to give the staple driver a quick up stroke and allow its proper return, through the action of spring 5, to control the action of the movable loop bar 12.

The knives 14 and 15 for severing the staple wire which are carried by the arms 16 and 17 respectively are operated by a fulcrumed lever 14 the forward end of which is adapted when raised, to spread the lower extremities of arm-s 16 and 17, as shown in Figure 19, thus causing knives 14 and 15 to coact and sever the wire therebetween. Lever 14 is actuated by a cam 14 on shaft 25 which contacts with a roller 14 carried at the rear end of lever 14. Roller 14 is held inQQ-ntact with cam l tkhy sprin 14:,

The staple former 11 which irises ai ter a wire severing operation is operated .by a fulcrumed lever. 11 having its forward .end suitably connected tothestaple former, for instance, by a pin. and. sloticonnection and having its rear end providedwith a roller 11 engaged by a cam 11 on the shaft 25, said cam having a projection to operate the lever to give the former a quick up stroke and. allow its return through the. action of spring 11 The staple wire feed mechanism is operated by the pawl 10 and ratchet 9, the pawl being carried by a lever 10 journalled on theshaft of feed wheel 8 and reoiprocated by connecting rod 10 from,.lever 1O pivoted at 10 and which carries at its upper end aroller 10? engaged bycam 10 on shaft to operate the lever to feed the wire, the return motion of the lever being effected by the spring 10 As will be understood, the cams are so timed andithe arrangement ofthe parts is such that in each cycle or revolution ofthe shaft thelever 14 moves upward causing a wire severing operation; the former .then moves upward separating the cutting knives and forming,staplelegs; thedriver then advances forcing the movable loop bar 12 to oneside and. drives the completed staple into the work. As the driver and former descend, the staple which has been partially formed on the loopbar 13 isadvanced to the nose of-themachine, the loop bar 12 snaps into position behind the partially formed staple and the parts are in position for another operation.

Referring to Fignresl and La clamping I and clinching device to cooperate swlth the stapledriver, is. carried atthe end of arm 3. This device as shown consists of a ver tical plunger provided with a rack 31 meshingwith a segmentalgear 32 pivoted at 33. The segmental gearv 32 is provided with an arm 34 to which is pivoted a link 35 connected to a camlever 36 pivoted at 37 and carrying a roller 38. engaging a. cam- 39 carried by the, shaft 25, said roller being held against said cam by a spring 40. The

link is provided between its ends with a turnbuckle 41 by means of which it may be lengthened or shortened, as may be desired. At each rotation of the shaft 25 the plunger 30 is lowered to cooperate at the proper time with the staple driver to clamp the box head or end during a stapling operation and to serve as an anvil or clincher to oppose the action of. the staple driver and clinch the ends of staples which may be driven through the work. The timing should be such that the plunger clamps the work before the staple is driven. The plunger rises and releases the work after the driving of each staple, enabling the operat r toiniove theqbox .on the stapling arm the acquired distance fondflvingthe next staple.

It will be noted that the, nose ofthe arm 3 which. carries the .clamping and clinchving mechanism, likexthe. nose of the stapling arm-2, is so formed astopermit it to be inserted within the box-and intothecorners bottom sections provided with cooperating end cleats and heads or ends arranged insidethe cleats to be stapled, thereto. In performing the stapling operation, the end-- or head rests upon the -stapling arm asshown in Figure 1 and the operator manipulates the box on said arm while operating the machine successively to drive a row .of staples through each cleat; thatis to say, through the head or end board, alonglines which cause the. staples to pass. into: the cleats, and inthis operation the nose and sides of:the stapling arms serve as guides for enabling the operator to positiolrthe work and to gauge the staples from thebox sides.

Power for operating the machine may be applied in'any suitable manner,. .as for instance, by the power pulley 45 ;shown in 1. Figure 2 which may be controllably-clutched totheshaft 25 by any suitable clutchmechanism. I

Obviously the present invention is not limited to .the specific. embodiment illus-m trated. and described, which may be variously modified indetails of construction and arrangement, and features of the-invention maybe used in various machines embodying the invention, and in various combinations 1 and sub-combinations.

Having described theinvention what is claimed is: Y

1. .A machine foruse in fastening heads, ends, partitions or the like to boxes comprise ing,in combination, a stapling arm adapted to operate within a box; wire severing means; a staple former adaptedto perform operations on a plurality ofstaples, simultaneously; anda staple. driver.

.2. A machine for use in fastening heads, ends, partitions or the like to boxes, and which is adapted tooperatewithin a box comprising, in combination, a staple former adapted to form one, leg. ofeach of a plurality ofstaples at each operation; and a staple driver.

3. A machine for use in fastening .heads. ends, :p'artitions or the like to boxes, and which is adaptedto operate within aybox comprising, in combination, a staple former adapted at each operation to partially form one staple and complete the formation of another; and a staple driver.

1. A machine for use in fastening heads, ends, partitions or the like to boxes, and having an arm adapted to enter a box which comprises means to feed a partially formed staple to the nose of said arm; means to complete the formation of said staple at the nose of said arm; and means to drive the staple from the nose of said arm.

5. A machine for use in fastening heads, ends, partitions or the like to boxes and having a stapling arm adapted to enter a box comprising, in combination, means to feed staple wire to the nose of said arm; means to partially form a, staple from said wire while it is'being advanced to the nose of said arm; and means to complete the formation of the staple at the nose of said arm.

6. A machine for use in fastening heads, ends, partitions or the like to boxes and having a stapling arm adapted to enter a box comprising, in combination, means to feed staple wire to the nose of said arm; means to form one leg of a staple on said wire before it reaches the nose of said arm; means to complete the formation of the staple at the nose of said arm; and means to drive the staple from the place where it is completed.

7 A machine for use in fastening heads, ends, partitions or the like to boxes, and having an arm adapted to enter the box close to the sides thereof, said arm being constructed and arranged by engagement with a box side to position the cleat of said 'box side with its longitudinal center line in the same vertical plane with the longitudinal center line of said arm, which co1nprises means successively to form a plurality of staples with the plane of their legs in the same vertical plane with the longitudinal center line of said arm; and means successively to drive said staples into the work whereby a succession of staples may be driven along the longitudinal center line of said cleat with the vertical plane of their legs coinciding with said longitudinal center line of the cleat.

8. A machine for use in fastening heads, ends, partitions or the like to boxes comprising, in combination, a stapling arm having parallel sides. adapted to enter a box; means to feed awire along the longitudinal center line of said arm to its nose; means .to form a staple 'at the nose of said arm with its legs vertical in the plane of the longitudinal center line of said arm; whereby the staple-forming and driving mechanism may be confined within narrow limits and a cleated box side may be positioned parallel with the longitudinal center line of said arm with the longitudinal center line of the cleat directly over the longitudinal center line of said arm.

9. Mechanism for forming and driving staples comprising means to bend one end of a wire at right angles to the body of the wire to form one leg of a staple; means to present said leg to the staple-driving point; and means to complete the formation of the staple at the staple-driving point.

10. Mechanism for forming staples from a strand of staple stock wire comprising meansto sever said wire and form simultaneouslya leg for each of a plurality of staples.

11. Mechanism for forming staples from a strand of staple stock Wire comprising means to sever said wire and complete the formation of one staple while partially forming another.

12. The process of forming and driving staples which is characterized by bending one end of a wire at right angles to the body of the wire to form-one leg of a staple, presenting said leg to the staple-driving point, and bending said wire to complete the formation of the staple at the stapledriving point.

13. The process of forming staples from a strand of staple stock wire which is characterized by severing said wire and forming simultaneously a leg for each of a plurality of staples.

14;. The process of forming staples from a strand of staple stock wire which is characterized by severing said wire and completing the formation of one staple while partially forming another.

15. A machine for use in fastening heads, ends, partitions or the like to boxes comprising, in combination, a stapling arm having parallel sides adapted to enter a box; and means for forming a staple at the nose of said arm and driving it into the work from the place at which its is formed.

16. A machine for use in fastening heads, ends, partitions or the like to boxes com prising, in combination, a single stapling arm having parallel sides adapted to enter a box and gauge and position the box sides during stapling operations; and means for forming a staple at the nose of said arm and driving it into the work from the place at which its is formed.

17. A machine for use in fastening heads, ends, partitions or the like to boxes comprising, in combination, a stapling arm having parallel sides adapted to enter a box; means to feed a wire along the longitudinal center line of said arm to its nose; means to form a staple at the nose of said arm; and means to drive the staple into the work from the place where it is formed.

18. A machine for use in fastening heads,

ends, partitions or the like to boxes comprising, in combination, a stapling arm adapted to operate Within a box; and mechanism carried thereby for partially forming a plurality of staples simultaneously.

19. A machine for use in fastening heads, ends, partitions or the like to boxes comprising, in combination, a stapling arm adapted to operate Within a box; mechanism carried thereby for partially forming a plurality of staples simultaneously; and means for driving a staple into the Work.

20. A machine for use in fastening heads, ends, partitions or the like toboxes comprising, in combination, a stapling arm, adapted to operate Within a box; and mechanism carried thereby for partially forming a plurality of inverted staples simultaneously and for driving a completed staple upward into the Work.

21. A machine for use in fastening heads, ends, partitions or the like to boxes com prising, in combination, a stapling arm adapted to operate Within a box; and mechanism carried thereby for simultaneously completing the formation of one staple and partially forming another.

22. A machine for use in fastening heads, ends, partitions or the like to boxes comprising, in combination, a stapling arm adapted to operate Within a box; and mechanism carried thereby for simultaneously completing the formation of one staple and partially forming another and for drivingthe completed staple into the Work.

23. A machine for use in fastening heads, ends, partitions or the like to boxes comprising, in combination, a stapling arm adapted to operate Within a box; and mechanism car ried thereby for simultaneously completing the formation of one inverted staple and partially forming another.

24. A machine for use in fastening heads, ends, partitions or the like to boxes comprising, in combination, a stapling arm adapted to operate Within a box; and mechanism carried thereby for simultaneously completing the formation of one inverted staple and partially forming another and for driving the completed staple up- Ward into the Work.

In testimony whereof, I have signed my name to this specification.

BRUCE J. DAVIDSON. 

